Fan, closed, in bamboo with red part

Hand fans were invented in China but it seems that the foldable version was a Japanese invention of the 6th or 8th century. In the 16th century, the Portuguese brought it back to Europe where it became very fashionable.

War fans were used as a sign by commanders to give orders to their troops.

During the long hot days of Summer, hand fans are still used a lot in Japan. Disposable ones baring publicity are often given free in the street or in festivals. It is a usual sight to see classes waiting for their train with all the pupils moving their fans at the same time.

Fans are also a very important accessory for geishas and performers, especially for dances.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_fan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_war_fan