'Taketori Mogogatri' or 'Kaguya Hime' is a Japanese fairy tale of the 10th century. It is one of the first story ever to consider the moon as inhabited.
An old bamboo cutter discovers inside a magic shining bamboo a tiny baby girl. The old man and his wife rise up up the girl and are soon rich as in each bamboo they cut lies some gold. Several princes and even the Emperor propose to marry the beautiful girl, but she manages to decline the offers one way or another. Fascinated and sad each time she looks at the moon, she reveals to her parents that she comes from this far away planet and must soon return. Finally she goes back to the moon leaving her parents and the Emperor desperate.